Inkolo YamaRoma: Umlando, Izinkolelo, Nempembelelo
Inkolo yamaRoma yayiyingxenye ebalulekile yempilo yamaRoma asendulo, ithinta zonke izici zomphakathi wabo, kusukela ezweni labo kuya empilweni yabo yansuku zonke. Ukuqonda inkolo yamaRoma kuyasiza kakhulu ekuqondeni amasiko, izwe, nobuhlakani babo. Inkolo yamaRoma yayingeyona nje uhlobo lokholo olungokomoya kodwa futhi yayiyisici esibalulekile sezombangazwe, somthetho, nemikhuba yezempilo. Ake singene shà emlandweni, ezinkolelweni, nasempemeleni yenkolo yamaRoma.
Umlando Wenkolo YamaRoma
Ukuqonda imvelaphi yenkolo yamaRoma kusiza ekwaziseni ukuthi yaba kanjani yaba namandla kangaka. Imvelaphi yayo ingalandelwa emuva ezinkolelweni zokuqala zama-Italic, amaqembu abantu ayehlala e-Italy ngaphambi kokuvela kweRoma. Lezi zinkolelo zakuqala zazivame ukuba yi-polytheistic, okusho ukuthi zazibandakanya ukukholwa konkulunkulu abaningi nezithixo ezazizimele ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zemvelo kanye nempilo yabantu. Lapho iRoma ikhula, yahlanganisa futhi yamukela izici zezinkolo ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa nezinkolo zamaGreki. Lokhu kuthuthukisa kwaba nomthelela ekwandiseni nokuthuthukisa ipantheoni yayo, ukwenza ngcono amandla nezingxenye zayo.
Eminyakeni yokuqala yaseRoma, inkolo yayiyingxenye ebalulekile yempilo yomphakathi. Imikhosi, imithandazo, kanye neminikelo yayenziwa njalo emathempelini nakwezinye izindawo ezingcwele ukuhlonipha onkulunkulu nokucela ukuthandwa kwabo. Abapristi babenendima ebalulekile ekuqondiseni le mikhuba futhi ngaleyo ndlela baqinisa isimo sabo emphakathini. Njengoba iRoma yanda, amandla enkolweni ayanda, amathempeli amakhulu akhiwa futhi imikhosi emikhulu yaba yisici esijwayelekile sempilo yomphakathi. Isibonelo, amaRoma akholelwa ekutheni ukuthula kwabo nokuchuma kwabo kuncike ekukholweni kwabo konkulunkulu, ngakho-ke bakwenza kwaba umsebenzi wokuziphatha ukuhlonipha nokuthanda ababusi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkolo yayibandakanya nezici ezibalulekile zokuqondisa iRoma ezindaweni zempi. Ukuhlala kahle kwempi yamaRoma ngaphambili kwakuncike ekuxhumekeni kwabo okujulile emikhubeni engokwenkolo. Abapristi babenza imikhuba ehlukahlukene ebalulekile ngaphambi kwempi, befuna izibonakaliso ezivela konkulunkulu ngokuqondisa nokunqoba. Le mikhuba yayihlanganisa ukuhlatshwa kwezilwane, ukubuka izinyoni, kanye nokuxhumana nabapristi ukuba baqonde intando yabo.
Ngesikhathi sokuwa koMbuso WaseRoma, inkolo yamaRoma yaqhubeka nokuba nempembelelo enkulu, yize kwakukhona ukukhula kobuKristu. Nakuba ubuKristu bagcina buguqula indawo yenkolo e-Roma, izici eziningi zenkolo yamaRoma zaqhubeka zichazwa futhi zaba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwamasiko aseYurophu.
Izinkolelo Ezibalulekile ZamaRoma
Ezinye zezinkolelo ezibalulekile zamaRoma zaba nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni izici zempilo yamaRoma. Inkolo yamaRoma yayiqinile emfundisweni ye-polytheism, okusho ukuthi amaRoma ayekholelwa konkulunkulu nabangaphezu kwabanye abamele imvelo kanye nezici ezehlukene zempilo. Ngamunye nonkulunkulu wayenomsebenzi othile, umkhuba, futhi wayehlotshaniswa nezimpawu ezithile. Phakathi konkulunkulu ababalulekile kwakukhona uJupiter, unkulunkulu wezulu nokuduma; uJuno, unkulunkulu womshado nowesifazane; uMars, unkulunkulu wempi; noVenus, unkulunkulu wothando nokuhle. Ukuhlonishwa kwala onkulunkulu kwakubalulekile empilweni yamaRoma, njengoba kukholelwa ukuthi ukubakhonza kahle kwakuvumela ukuchuma nokuvikelwa.
Esinye isici esibalulekile sezinkolelo zamaRoma kwakuwukukholwa kwabahlakaniphile, okwakuyizipoki noma imimoya okwakukholelwa ukuthi ihlala emakhaya futhi idlala indima ekuvikelweni nasekuthuthukisweni komndeni. AmaRoma ayekholelwa ukuthi kufanele ahloniphe futhi akhonze ama-lares ukugcina imindeni yawo iphephile futhi iphumelela. Babevame ukwenza iminikelo emincane, njengokudla noma izimbali, ukuba bakwazi ukuqeda ukubusa kwabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaRoma ayekholelwa ekubalulekeni kwemikhosi kanye nemikhuba. Imikhosi yayenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka ukuhlonipha onkulunkulu nokucela ukubusiswa kwabo. Le mikhosi yayihlanganisa imikhuba ethile, imithandazo, neminikelo, futhi yayivame ukubandakanya izigaba zokuhlolwa komphakathi. Ngokuhlonipha le mikhuba, amaRoma ayethemba ukugcina ukuhleleka emhlabeni nokugcina ubuhlobo obuqinile nonkulunkulu.
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zezinkolelo zamaRoma kwakuwukukholwa kwabo ekufeni nasempilweni yangemva kokufa. AmaRoma ayekholelwa ukuthi umphefumulo waqhubeka ukuphila ngemva kokufa komzimba, futhi ukulungiswa okungafanele kwaba nomthelela empilweni yomuntu elandelayo. Babenokholo oluqinile olwaluhlanganisa amasiko okungcwaba, okuhlanganisa nokufakwa kwemithombo yomhlaba, ukuze bakhulule abathandekayo babo ohambweni lwabo olulandelayo. Amasiko okungcwaba ayebalulekile ukugcina abathandekayo babo bekhona ngendlela engokomoya nokuvikela umoya womuntu ngemva kokufa. Lezi zinkolelo ngempilo yangemva kokufa zaba nomthelela emikhubeni yokuziphatha yamaRoma, njengoba abantu babezama ukuphila impilo enobulungisa ukuze baqinisekise impilo engcono emva kokufa.
Impembelelo Yenkolo YamaRoma
Inkolo yamaRoma yaba nempembelelo enkulu emphakathini, ezombangazwe, nasekucabangeni kobuhlakani beRoma lasendulo. Ngokwezombangazwe, inkolo yayidlalwa indima ebalulekile ekuqiniseni amandla ombuso kanye nokuhlonishwa. Ababusi baseRoma bavame ukuzihlanganisa nonkulunkulu, baze bazise njengabantu abasuka emandleni onkulunkulu. Babevame ukwakha amathempeli amakhulu, baqhubeka nemikhosi ecebile, futhi baqeqesha abapristi ukuze baqinise ukuziqhenya kwabo kobukhosi kanye nokuhlonishwa emphakathini. Umqondo wokuthi umbuso waseRoma wawuqondiswa ngamandla onkulunkulu ngakho wathuthukisa ukwethembeka nokuthula emphakathini.
Ngokwempilo yomphakathi, inkolo yamaRoma yayisebenza njengesisekelo sezinga lokuziphatha nokuziphatha komphakathi. Imikhuba yenkolo kanye nemikhosi yayivame ukuziphatha okuhle, okwakukhuthaza ukulunga, ukuzinikela, nesizwe esivamile. Ngokuhlanganyela kulezi zenzo, amaRoma athuthukisa umuzwa wokuzibophezela kanye nobungane, aqinisa ukuhlangana emphakathini. AmaRoma akholelwa ekutheni ukukholwa kwabo konkulunkulu kwakudingekile ukuze aqinisekise impilo nempumelelo yomphakathi. Lolu hlobo lokuziphatha lwaluhambisana nomphakathi, okusho ukuthi umphakathi ungabona isithunzi esithile. Lolu hlobo lokuziphatha lwathonya amasiko, izinkolelo kanye nemikhuba yamaRoma, okwaqinisa ukuhlangana komphakathi wabo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkolo yamaRoma yaba nempembelelo enkulu emicabangweni nasezintweni zobuhlakani. Izithombe, amathempeli, neminikelo eminingi yayiyizici ezivamile zobuciko baseRoma. Imifanekiso enkonzweni yamaRoma yayidume kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zomphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkolo yamaRoma yakhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwemibhalo ngama-mythology nemicimbi yenkolo, ithonya izincwadi zamaRoma. Lezi zindaba zazinqabile amasiko amaRoma, zakhuthaza ukufunda, futhi zaba nomthelela ekubumbeni ubuntu bendawo. Inkolo yamaRoma yakhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kobuhlakani emiphakathini yamaRoma, kusukela ekwakhiweni kwezobuciko, imisebenzi yezobuciko, nokucabanga.
Inkolo YamaRoma Namuhla
Ngemuva kokugcinwa kweRoma, ezinye izinto zenkolo yamaRoma zisathinta amasiko ethu. Ezinye zezinto eziyinhloko zamasiko namaRoma asendulo zisatholakala ezindaweni eziningi eziye zabaluleka namuhla. Imikhosi nemikhuba eyenziwa amaRoma asendulo isaqhubeka nokuba khona emasikweni ethu. Isibonelo, amagama ezinsuku zeviki kanye nezinyanga zonyaka atholakala emagama onkulunkulu baseRoma. Imikhuba enjengemikhosi, imikhosi, nokusebenzisa izimpawu ezithile zesiko kukhona emasikweni ethu anamuhla.
Imibono yenkolo yamaRoma, njengemigomo yokuziphatha, ukuziphatha, nezindinganiso zokuziphatha, isathinta izinkolelo zethu zamanje. Isibonelo, umbono wokuhlonipha, otholakala enkolweni yamaRoma, usatholakala emasikweni ethu anamhlanje. Ukuhlonipha onkulunkulu, umndeni, nesizwe kwakuyisici esibalulekile sempilo yamaRoma, futhi le mikhuba isatholakala ezindaweni eziningi namuhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eziningi zezindaba zamaRoma zithuthukiswa ezincwadini, emafilimini nasemisebenzini yobuciko, ngakho-ke zisathinta indlela esicabanga ngayo nendlela esihlangana ngayo nomhlaba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhiwo zamaRoma, ezinjengamathempeli nemigwaqo, ziqhubeka nokukhuthaza amakhono ethu kanye nemiklamo yethu. Izakhiwo zamaRoma, njengamathempeli, ziseyizibonelo zokwakha ezimangalisayo. Izakhiwo zamaRoma zibe nomthelela ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo eziningi ezitholakala emhlabeni jikelele. Imigwaqo yamaRoma isatholakala emazweni amaningi, isiza izimpilo zethu zansuku zonke. Ngokujwayelekile, inkolo yamaRoma isenza siqonde kangcono izimpilo zethu ezijwayelekile namasiko, futhi sibone ukuthi amaRoma asendulo aqhubeka kanjani nokusithinta nanamuhla.
Ngamafuphi, inkolo yamaRoma yayiyisici esibalulekile ekuqondeni amasiko aseRoma. Ukusuka emvelaphi yayo, ezinkolelweni ezibalulekile, kanye nempembelelo ebalulekile, inkolo yamaRoma ilungiselela ukuchuma nokuvikelwa emphakathini wamaRoma. Emasikweni ethu anamuhla, singaqhubeka sithola izakhiwo zenkolo yamaRoma eziqhubeka nokuthinta izimpilo zethu ngendlela eyodwa noma kwenye. Ukufunda ngamaRoma kusinika ithuba lokufunda ezingxenyeni ezehlukene zomlando, futhi singazisa ukuthi amaRoma asendulo aqhubeka kanjani nokuthinta izimpilo zethu.
